一、細菌分離與鑑定診斷
- 試述植物病原細菌的分離及鑑定方法。(8分台大101)
- 請問有那些方法可以用於植物細菌性病害之診斷及病原檢測?(10分台大100)
- 欲診斷植物病害是否因病原細菌感染所致,請問有那些方法?(9分台大99)
- 請問診斷植物細菌性病害的方法有那些?(8分台大98)
二、細菌病徵
- 請以下列病原細菌造成的病徵,說明可能的致病細菌學名與毒力因子(10分中興107)
- Witches’ broom (2)Leaf scorch (3)Gall (4)Chlorosis (5)Canker
- 請說明導管侷限細菌(xylem-inhabiting fastidious bacteria)的重要生物特性、傳播方式、及其危害寄主植物後造成的典型病徵。(10分中興101)
三、細菌攻擊植物過程
- 植物病原細菌可由植物的自然開口侵入寄生,請問這些侵入途徑為何?(4分台大107)
- 試述植物病原細菌侵入植物的途徑,並舉例說明之。(7分台大104)
- 試述植物病原細菌侵入植物的途徑,並舉例說明之。(7分台大100)
- 試述植物病原細菌的傳播方式及侵入植物的途徑。(8分台大106)
- 試述植物病原細菌傳播的方式,並舉例說明之。(7分105)
四、細菌毒力系統
- Plant pathogenic bacteria employ protein secretion systems to secrete virulence factors during infection. Please name one bacterial genus/group that uses the following protein secretion systems as the pathogenicity factor to infect their host plants, and describe the characteristics of the proteins that are secreted via the secretion system and the functions of the secreted proteins in the elicitation of disease symptoms. (15分中興105)
1. Type II protein secretion system (T2SS)
2. Type III protein secretion system (T3SS)
3. Type IV protein secretion system (T4SS)
- 試述植物病原細菌的致病相關因子及已知的分泌系統。(9分台大101)
五、防治細菌性病害
- 為減少植物受植物病原細菌危害,請問有那些可行的方法?試舉例說明之。(7分台大99)
六、細菌分類
- 植物病原細菌若以Gram-positive、Gram-negative及Mollicutes區分,請說明各群細菌的特徵,並各舉一例病原菌(含學名)及其在馬鈴薯上造成之病害名稱與診斷方法。(15分中興107)
七、細菌各論--依據特徵舉例
- Please name 4 plant diseases that are caused by bacterial pathogens and list (1) the characteristics and methods for identifying the causal agents; (2) the major virulence factor(s) of the causal agents. (20分中興104)
- 試述兩種台灣作物常見之細菌病害發生情形,並寫出病原菌學名及病害診斷要領。(8分台大101)
- 請舉兩種常見的細菌性病害為例,描述其對作物生長的影響及防治之對策。(8分台大100)
- 請以一重要植物細菌性病害為例,描述其病原特性、病徵及病害環。(7分台大98)
- Please name 3 plant soil borne diseases that are caused by bacterial pathoens and list (1) the main biological characteristics of the causal agents; (2) methos for identifying the causal agents; (3) the major virulence fctor(s) of the causal agents. (15分中興106)
- 寫出兩種可感染禾本科作物之植物病原細菌學名,及其引起病害之主要病徵。(10分中興102)
- 以番茄作物之兩種重要細菌性病害為例,描述其病徵及病害診斷方法,並寫出病原菌的學名。(10分台大105)
- 植物病原細菌可感染植物之維管束組織,有些不易或無法人工培養,請舉兩則為例,寫出病原學名、特徵、植物病徵以及其傳播媒介。(12分台大107)
- Please name 2 xylem-inhibiting fastidious bacteria that cause crop diseases in Taiwan and describe (1) the biological characteristics of the pathogen and (2) typical disease symptoms caused by the pathogen. (10分中興106)
- 請在fastidious vascular-colonizing plant-pathogenic bacteria引起的病害中,舉兩例說明其在植物上的危害情形。(8分台大105)
- Please list the bacterial groups or genera that are transmitted by insect vectors. (5分中興104)
八、細菌各論--依據學名
- 說明下列各屬植物病原細菌之主要特性(15分中興102)
1. Agrobacterium
2. Pectobacterium
3. Xylella
4. Clavibacter
5. Xanthomonas
- 請就下列各屬植物病原細菌,寫出一病原菌學名及其引起之病害,並說明病害診斷之要領。(15分台大102)
(1) Acidovorax
(2) Xanthomonas
(3) Streptomyces
(4) Pseudomonas
(5) Ralstonia
- 請描述Agrobacterium屬病原細菌在植物上造成的典型病徵及相關致病機制。假設田間有一玫瑰植株疑似遭到Agrobacterium sp. 感染並產生病徵,請寫出鑑定其致病菌為Agrobacterium屬病原細菌的標準鑑定流程。(12分中興100)
- 請描述細菌性癌腫病菌(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)如何感知寄主及引起植物細胞增生的機制。(9分台大106)
- 試述植物細菌性癌種病菌的鑑定方法及其致病過程。(7分台大103)
- 請說明Agrobacterium屬病原細菌的致病過程。(9分台大99)
- 請說明植物細菌性癌腫病菌之致病性。(10分台大98)
- Xylella fastidiosa and Candidatus Liberibacter (syn. Liberobacter) asiticus are two bacterial pathogens that can be transmitted by insects. Please describe the biological characteristics of the pathogen and the identification methods to prove they are the causal agents. (10分中興105)
- 請說明Pectobacterium carotovorum pv. atroseptcum與Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. sepedonicus所引起之馬鈴薯病害。(10分中興103)
- 請說明下列植物病原細菌之培養特性及其所引起病害之主要病徵。(15分中興103)
1. Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris
2. Xylella fastidiosa
3. Ralstonia solanacearum
- 請問下列植物病原細菌引起的植物病害為何?診斷要領為何?(9分台大107)
(1) Pseudomonas cichorii
(2) Pseudomonas syringae pv. actinidiae
(3) Erwinia amylovora
- 請寫出下列病原細菌感染植物所造成的病害及其診斷要領。(18分台大104)
(1) Acidovorax avenae subsp. citrulli
(2) Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola
(3) Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris
(4) Xanthomonas perforans
(5) Streptomyces scabies
(6) Agrobacterium tumefaciens
- 試述下列病原細菌感染植物所造成的病害及其診斷要領。(18分台大103)
(1) Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae
(2) Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola
(3) Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris
(4) Ralstonia solanacearum
(5) Streptomyces scabies
(6) Xylella fastidiosa
九、細菌各論--依據普通名
- 請寫出引起下列病害的病原菌學名並說明其病原菌鑑定的重要特徵。(12分中興101)
1. 西瓜細菌性果斑病(bacterial fruit blotch of watermelon)
2. 甜椒細菌性斑點病(bacterial spot of pepper)
3. 番茄青枯病(tomato bacterial wilt)
- 請寫出下列植物細菌性病害的病原菌學名:(8分台大106)
(1) Pierce’s disease of grape
(2) Fruit blotch of watermelon
(3) Fire blight of pear
(4) Black rot of cabbage
十、解釋名詞
- 請解釋下列名詞:(10分台大102)
(1) fastidious xylem-limited bacteria
(2) phyllody
(3) Type III secretion system
(4) phaseolotoxin
(5) agrocin